Purinergic Signalling

期刊简介：Nucleotides and nucleosides are primitive biological molecules that were utilized early in evolution both as intracellular energy sources and as extracellular signalling molecules. ATP was first identified as a neurotransmitter and later as a co-transmitter with all the established neurotransmitters in both peripheral and central nervous systems. Four subtypes of P1 (adenosine) receptors, 7 subtypes of P2X ion channel receptors and 8 subtypes of P2Y G protein-coupled receptors have currently been identified. Since P2 receptors were first cloned in the early 1990’s, there is clear evidence for the widespread distribution of both P1 and P2 receptor subtypes in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, including glial, immune, bone, muscle, endothelial, epithelial and endocrine cells.

【译文】核苷酸和核苷是早期进化中使用的原始生物分子，既作为细胞内能量来源，也作为细胞外信号分子。ATP最初被鉴定为神经递质，后来作为所有已知的神经递质的外周和中枢神经系统的共递质。目前已鉴定出四种P1（腺苷）受体亚型、七种P2X离子通道受体亚型和八种P2Y G蛋白偶联受体亚型。自20世纪90年代初首次克隆P2受体以来，已有明确证据表明P1和P2受体亚型在神经元和非神经元细胞中广泛分布，包括胶质细胞、免疫细胞、骨骼细胞、肌肉细胞、内皮细胞、上皮细胞和内分泌细胞。