Waste and Biomass Valorization

期刊简介：Until the 1990s, technology was the main driver when dealing with waste and residues, the objective being the treatment of waste for (landfill) disposal, storage, and in some cases sorting. In the 1990s, depletion of raw materials and socio-economical concerns supported the direct recycling of waste and residues. However, the direct recycling approach is limited when waste/residues contain significant amounts of pollutants such as heavy metals and organics (VOC, PAH), and when the treatment process to remove/stabilize or destruct the pollutant generates emissions. Due to depletion of natural resources, increasing greenhouse emissions, and awareness of the need for sustainable development in terms of safely reusing waste and biomass, the transformation of waste/biomass to valuable materials and energy (i.e. valorization) is emerging as a strong trend

【译文】直到20世纪90年代，处理废物和残留物时，技术是主要驱动力，目标是处理废物以进行（填埋）处置、储存，在某些情况下进行分类。在20世纪90年代，原材料的枯竭和经济社会问题支持了对废物和残留物的直接回收。然而，当废物/残留物含有大量污染物，如重金属和有机物（VOC、PAH）时，以及当去除/稳定或破坏污染物的处理过程产生排放时，直接回收方法受到限制。由于自然资源枯竭、温室气体排放增加，以及对安全再利用废物和生物质以实现可持续发展的需求的认识，将废物/生物质转化为有价值的材料和能源（即增值）已成为一种强烈趋势